How they GOLD mining?

How the modern world mining the minerals such as gold? Previously, ancient civilization generally mint along the side of river. From the research and information, they have 2 kinds of method that majorly used for large mining. The methods are surface mining and underground mining.

Surface mining

Surface mining like open pits from the above image are appropriate for large tonnage near surface deposits. The level floor of the pit is around 30 foot benches lower. This method using explosion through blasthole drill holes to remove big rocks. After blasting, the broken rock is leave as mark by the geologists either ore or waste. In addition, if the mill combine with other types of ore or if higher grade mill and lower grade ore is produced, the truck drivers may have a possibilities destination to bring out the broken rock.

The truck that use to load minerals with large rocks

Underground mining: 3 types of method
1.Block caving

Block caving is the lowest cost per ton underground mining method. It only require substantial upfront development costs as large excavations must be made to "undermine" the block that is to cave, and large milling infrastructure must be established to handle the big ore tonnages that a successful cave will generate. After the ore block is undermined, the ore block is fractured over time by gravity and the pieces fall down the finger raise. The size of the pieces passing to the chutes for loading is controlled by heavy duty sieves or "grizzlys" on the grizzly level.

2.Long hole stamping

This long hole stamping mining method is very popular, and is almost the underground analogy to the advances achieved in mechanising a large open pit. This method is productive and has low costs because the large blocks of ore can be identified in hard rock. Besides, it have the safety method where the loader is operate by a radio control as a remote away to an ore pass. Normally, a loader will pick up the broken ore manually but with radio control, it could avoid the risk of their workers.

3.Cut and fill

This cut and fill method is usually applied in large ore zones. However in narrow ore zones, it can very labour intensive with a negative impact on cost per ton. Because the higher costs, this method require higher grade ore than for long hole stoping. This method can be carried out in an underhand configuration towards weak ore zone. The advantage of cut and fill is the miners are working under a roof of cemented fill, which also for safety reason.

source: www.trustingold.com